Plenary Lecture
Main Features of Regional Climate Change and Its Impact on Environment on Example of the Territory of Georgia
On Some Specifics of the Regional Climate Change over the Territory of Georgia
Professor Teimuraz Davitashvili
I. Vekua Institute of Applied Mathematics
Tbilisi State University
Georgia
E-mail: temuri.davitashvili@viam.sci.tsu.ge
Abstract: The problem of the forthcoming global climate change resulting from natural and growing anthropogenic factors (much more economical and technological development, overexploitation of land, water, oil and gas resources) acquires a particular importance for the territory of Georgia. The geographic location of Georgia, its complex orography and circulation conditions specify the diversity of its climate. Here form 11 types of climates from semi-desert to subtropics. For example there were observed: mountainous zone of Caucasus with constant snow and glacier, wet subtropical climate of the Black Sea, continental climate of Eastern Georgia and semi desert climate in some regions of Eastern Georgia. As well on the background of the global climate warming the statistical processing of the data of mean climatic temperature for the last ninety years exposed the versatility of climate over the territory of Georgia. Namely there were observed regularity of the climate cooling in the West Georgia, warming in the East Georgia and also there were elicited those micro-regions where mean climatic temperature had not changed in time.
In this paper some characteristic features and aspects of the diversity of Georgian climate change (some reasons of regularity of climate cooling in western Georgia and beginning of the desertification processes in the eastern Georgia) are investigated. Some results of numerical simulation of the air flow dynamics in the troposphere over the Caucasus Mountains taking place in conditions of nonstationarity of large-scale undisturbed background flow based on numerical simulation are presented. Main features of the atmospheric currents changeability while air masses had been transferred from the Black Sea to the land’s surface were investigated. It was shown that non-proportional warming of the Black Sea and Colkhi lowland provokes the intensive strengthening of circulation and effect of climate cooling in the western Georgia. The effects of thermal and advective-dynamic factors of the atmosphere on the changes of the Eastern Georgian climate were studied. Some results of the investigation connected to the beginning of the desertification processes in the eastern Georgia are presented. At present in modern glaciers of Georgia dominate the processes of the retreat and melting, sizes of large glaciers come apart into smaller ones, the volume and length of glaciers are reduced. Some results of investigation of Georgian’s glaciers pollution and its melting process are given.
Brief Biography of the Speaker: Prof.Teimuraz Davitashvili holds a 5-year Diploma in Mathematics (specialization Hydro-air Mechanics) from Tbilisi State University (1972). In 1985 he received the Ph.D and in 1997 the Doctor of Physics and Mathematics upon the doctoral thesis “ Numerical Modelling of Some Problems of Atmosphere Physics for Mountain Regions“. Since 1972- researcher, senior researcher, head of department at I.Vekua Institute of Applied Mathematics of Tbilisi State University. From 1994 to 1998 an Associate Professor and from 1999 to 2006 a Full Professor of Tbilisi State University. From 2006 to 2013 head of department of Weather Forecast and Modelling of Natural and Anthropogenic Catastrophic Events at the Hydrometeorological Institute of Georgia. Currently head of laboratory of Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Analyses atTbilisi State University. He published 1 book, about 140 research papers in various scientific journals and international conference proceedings. His general research interests are: environment pollution, climate change, modeling in applied mathematics, simulation of non-ordinary events and weather forecast by numerical methods.