2f012f13-9352-4ef2-80d0-2c498d4ca12e20210427051413518wseas:wseasmdt@crossref.orgMDT DepositWSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS2224-28721109-275010.37394/23205http://wseas.org/wseas/cms.action?id=40263220213220212010.37394/23205.2021.20https://wseas.org/wseas/cms.action?id=23297Hybrid Congestion Sharing and Route Repairing Protocol for Bluetooth NetworksSabeenTahirDepartment of Computing and Information Technology King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaGhadah AbdullahAldabbaghDepartment of Computing and Information Technology King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaSheikh TahirBakhshDepartment of Computing and Information Technology King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaAbass MdSaidDepartment of Computer and Information Science Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Bandar Sri Iskandar, 31750 Tronoh, Perak, MalaysiaBluetooth is a widespread wireless technology standard for limited wireless networks that permits Bluetooth devices to create a one-hop (piconet) or multi-hop (scatternet) network. During data transmission, a large number of links passing through a single master or bridge device may create congestion problems in a Bluetooth network. Therefore, routing in a multi-hop dynamic Bluetooth network, where a number of routing masters and routing bridges exist, sometimes create technical problems in a scatternet. Mobility and failure of routing devices disconnects the routing links and link reconstruction process consumes more resources that eventually decrease the performance. In this paper, Hybrid Congestion Sharing and Route Repairing protocol for Bluetooth networks” (HCSRR) is proposed. The objective of this paper is to provide an efficient technique for scatternet congestion avoidance and route maintenance. The proposed protocol is implemented and compared with most relevant protocols. From simulation results, it is observed that the HCSRR outperforms the existing protocols.427202142720214955https://www.wseas.org/multimedia/journals/computers/2021/a125105-005(2021).pdf10.37394/23205.2021.20.6https://www.wseas.org/multimedia/journals/computers/2021/a125105-005(2021).pdfYouquan Z, Zhenming F. “Simplifications of the Bluetooth radio devices”. In proceedings of IEEE: 4th International Workshop on Networked Appliances.USA, p: 107 – 115, 2002. Bluetooth SIG, Bluetooth Specification v2.0. 2004. Kallo C.K, Chiasserini C.F, Jung S, Brunato M, Gerla M, “Hop count based optimization of Bluetooth scatternets”, Journal of Elsevier: Vol. 5, pp: 340-359, 2007. Yu G.J, Chang C.Y, Shih K.P, and Lee S.C, “Relay reduction and disjoint routes construction for scatternet over Bluetooth radio system”, Elsevier Journal: Network and Computer Applications, Vol. 30(2), pp: 728-749, 2007. 10.1016/j.jnca.2007.01.002Yu G.J and Chang C.Y, “Congestion control of Bluetooth radio system by piconet restructuring” Elsevier Journal: Network and Computer Applications, Vol. 28, pp: 201-223, 2007. Bakhsh S.T, Hasbullah H, and Tahir S, “Dynamic Congestion Control through backup relay in Bluetooth scatternet”, Elsevier Journal: Network and Computer Applications, Vol. 34(4), pp: 1252-1262, 2011. 10.1016/j.jnca.2007.12.001Sahoo K.P, Chang C.Y, and Chang S.W, "Novel route maintenance protocols for the Bluetooth ad hoc network with mobility", Elsevier Journal: Network and Computer Applications, Vol. 31(4), pp: 535-558, 2008. Yu W.C, Yu K.M, and Lin S.L, “Reducing inter-piconet delay for large-scale Bluetooth scatternets”, In the Proceedings of Springer: International conference on Emerging technologies in knowledge discovery and data mining, Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, pp: 562-573, 2007. University of Cinicinnati Bluetooth simulator (UCBT), Available from: http://www.ececs.uc.edu/_cdmc/ucbt/>, 2010. The Network Simulator ns-2. Available from: http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-build.html, 2010. Sharafeddine S, Al-Kassem I, and Dawy Z, “A scatternet formation algorithm for Bluetooth networks with a nonuniform distribution of devices”, Elsevier Journal: Network and Computer Applications, Vol. 35(2), pp: 644-656, 2012. Chakraborty G, “Analysis of the Bluetooth device discovery protocol”, Springer Journal: Wireless Networks,Vol. 16(2), pp: 421-436, 2010. Wang Z, Thomas R, and Haas Z, “Performance comparison of Bluetooth scatternet formation protocols for multi-hop networks”, Springer Journal, Wireless Networks, Vol. 15(2), pp: 209-226, 2009. Fang C and Ming H.S, “An Adaptive Interpiconet Scheduling Algorithm Based on HOLD Mode in Bluetooth Scatternets”,Journal of IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,Vol. 57(1), pp: 475-489, 2008. Mei, et al., "Access Control using Bluetooth TM09," Electrical Engineering and Tlececommunications of New South Wales Sydney, Australia, 2003.