AUTHORS: Parvathi Nathan, Siaw Meng Chou, Andy Khye Soon Yew, Denny Tjiauw Tjoen Lie
Download as PDF
ABSTRACT: The assessment of the shoulder anterior-posterior laxity has been performed using an instrumented mechanical device. The anterior-posterior translation measurement facilitates the generation of normative data of non-pathologic shoulders in a healthy population. The descriptive laboratory study has also investigated the impact of gender and exercise frequency on shoulder laxity. The glenohumeral anterior-posterior joint laxity was assessed in sixty-four subjects using an instrumented mechanical device. The tests were carried out on the left shoulder followed by the right and the duration of each test session was approximately thirty minutes. The sagittal plane translation measurement of the dominant and non-dominant shoulder was not statistically significant (p > 0.05) and varied from 17.0 to 24.8 mm with a mean of 20.7 ± 2.0 mm. On comparing the sagittal plane translation measurement of male (22.3 ± 0.9 mm) and female (19.0 ± 1.1 mm) subjects and active (21.3 ± 1.7 mm) and non-active (19.3 ± 1.7 mm) sports participants, a significantly higher variation was observed between them (p < 0.05). There was no significant variation (p < 0.05) between the overhead and non-overhead sports categories. The results indicate that being active in sports, irrespective of overhead/non-overhead sports and gender differences are likely to influence the shoulder anterior-posterior laxity. Objective measurements of glenohumeral joint laxity can be used as a reference for diagnosis of shoulder anterior-posterior laxity.
KEYWORDS: Shoulder anterior-posterior laxity
REFERENCES:
[1] Guanche CA, Hale JE. Shoulder Arthometer. US Patent 6,390,994. May 21, 2002.
[2] Jansson A, Saartok T, Werner S, Renstrom, P. Evaluation of general joint laxity, shoulder laxity and mobility in competitive swimmers during growth and in normal controls. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2005;15(3):169-176.
[3] Crawford SD, Sauers EL. Glenohumeral Joint Laxity and Stiffness in the Functional Throwing Position of High School Baseball Pitchers. J Athl Train. 2006;41(1): 52-59.
[4] Hatzel B, Horodyski M., Kaminski TW, Meister K, Powers M, Brunt D. Measurement of glenohumeral joint laxity using the KT-2000 knee ligament arthrometer: Reliability analysis. Phys Ther Sport. 2006;7:137-143.
[5] Bahk M, Keyurapan E, Tasaki A, Sauers EL, McFarland EG. Laxity Testing of the Shoulder – A Review. Am J Sports Med. 2007; 35(1): 131-144.
[6] Hawkins RJ, Schutte JP, Janda DH, Huckell GH. Translation of the glenohumeral joint with the patient under anaesthesia. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 1996;5(4):286-292.
[7] Borsa PA, Jacobson JA, Scibek JS, Dover GC. Comparison of dynamic sonography to stress radiography for assessing glenohumeral laxity in asymptomatic shoulders. Am J Sports Med. 2005; 33:734-741.
[8] Jobe FW, Kvitne RS, Giangarra CE. Shoulder pain in the overhand or throwing athlete: the relationship of anterior instability and rotator cuff impingement. Orthop Rev. 1989;18(9): 963-975.
[9] Jorgensen U, Bak K. Shoulder instability: assessment of anterior-posterior translation with a knee laxity tester. Acta Orthop Scand. 1995;66(5):398-400.
[10] Pizzari T, Kolt GS, Remedios L. Measurement of anterior-to-posterior translation of the glenohumeral joint using the KT-1000. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1999;29(10): 602-608.
[11] Lintner SA, Levy A, Kenter K, Speer KP. Glenohumeral translation in the asymptomatic athlete’s shoulder and its relationship to other clinically measurable anthropometric variables. Am J Sports Med. 1996;24(6): 716-720.
